| |
Key Facts |
| Other names |
the Bavarian |
| Born |
1282 |
| Location |
|
| Bloodline |
Wittelsbach |
| Married |
|
| Children |
|
| Position |
King of Germany (1314-1347), Emperor (1328-1347) |
| Died |
October 1347 (Aged 65) |
|
|
|
|
| |
Source of Facts and Important Announcement |
| Status |
Under Article 64.6 of the Covenant of One-Heaven (Pactum De Singularis Caelum) by Special Qualification shall be known as a Saint, with all sins and evil acts they performed forgiven. |
| Date of formal Beatification |
Day of Redemption UCA[E1:Y1:A1:S1:M9:D1] also known as Fri, 21 Dec 2012. |
| Source of Facts |
Self Confession and Revelation of Sainthood by the Deceased Spirit as condition of their confirmation as a true Saint. |
|
|
| |
Background |
| |
Louis was a son of Louis II, Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine, and Matilda, a daughter of Habsburg King Rudolph I. |
| |
While half Habsburg (through his mother), Louis began his early military career in 1307 over the rights to title of Lower Bavaria against his childhood friend and cousin Frederick. In August 1313, Emperor Henry VII of the House of Luxembourg died, with no clear heir. Again Louis found himself in competition with Habsburg Frederick to become new King. |
| |
By November 1313, Louis finally defeated his cousin Frederick at the Battle of Gamelsdorf in November 1313 and gained lower Bavaria. The following year he was elected King of the Germans, but crowned in Bonn instead of Aachen. |
| |
However, this did not end the battle between the Wittelsbach and the Habsburgs. Frederick regrouped, aided by his brother Leopold. When the Swiss rose up in an attempt to end the tyranny of the Habsburg dynasty, Louis recognized the independence of Switzerland from the Habsburgs. |
| |
Finally, in September 1322 at the Battle of Mühldorf, the Wittelsbach and the Habsburg armies met and Frederick was soundly defeated. Louis did not execute Frederick, but took him prisoner and in the Treaty of Trausnitz released Frederick back to Munich by 1325. |
| |
In 1323 Louis gave Brandenburg as a fiefdom to his eldest son Louis V. With the Treaty of Pavia the emperor returned the Palatinate to his nephews Rudolf and Rupert in 1329. The duchy of Carinthia was released as an imperial fief on May 2, 1335 in Linz to his Habsburg relatives Albert II, Duke of Austria and Otto, Duke of Austria. |
| |
With the death of duke John I in 1340 Louis inherited Lower Bavaria and then reunited the duchy of Bavaria. John's mother, a member of the Luxembourg dynasty, had to return to Bohemia. In 1342 Louis also acquired Tyrol for the Wittelsbach by voiding the first marriage of Margarete Maultasch with John Henry of Bohemia and marrying her to his own son Louis V, thus alienating the house of Luxembourg further. |
| |
Further intrigue by Louis in the confering of Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland and Friesland upon his wife Margaret of Holland was one of the final straws for rebel German princes and the House of Luxembourg. With a handful of rival German Princes and Pope Clement VI, Charles IV was elected rival German King and King of the Romans in July 1346. |
| |
England and France were still locked in terrible war ("the Hundred Years War") and the Battle of Crécy in Northern France took place in August 1346 while the forces of the Wittelsbachs now aligned wth the Habsburgs prepared for civil war against the House of Luxembourg and its allies. |
| |
However, civil war across Germany was avoided when Louis died suddenly in October 1347. He was succeeded by Charles IV of the House of Luxembourg. |
| |
|
| |
|
|
Copyright © One-Evil.org 2011. All Rights Reserved |
